Cover A beautiful black-and-white house at King Albert Park in Singapore. All images: Singapore Land Authority Facebook page

Black-and-white houses are a distinct architectural style dating from 1819 to 1963, and are unique to Singapore. Here’s what you need to know if you are looking to live in one of these stately mansions

“A man’s home is his castle.” English judge and jurist Sir Edward Coke said this now-simplified quote in 1604 to explain his ruling on a case. Although his quote was in reference to a man’s personal rights within the four walls of his home, it has over the years come to define how the English lived in their colonies. When it came to Asia, however, their “castles” were iterations of the bungalows that housed the top officials of colonial India. In Singapore, the black-and-white houses, as they are referred to, stand as vestiges of Singapore’s past as a prosperous trading port.

Read more: Home tour: A modern Singapore apartment inspired by black-and-white bungalows

They have unique characteristics

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Above A black-and-white house in Singapore at Goodwood Hill

“The name pays homage to the homes’ black timber beams as well as their white walls,” explains Fang Low, founder and chief executive officer of Figment, which is dedicated to preserving and refreshing architectural heritages of Singapore. “These colonial-era bungalows are characterised “by large verandahs on the second floor with a porch for housing carriages underneath.” 

The word “bungalow” itself is derived from Hindi, meaning a house in Bangla (from Bengal, India) style. These were thatched roof cottages with wrap-around porches and dictated the architectural style the British adapted for their summer retreats in India. They got popularised in Europe as resort-style homes and are said to have evolved into the two-storey bungalow style that American architect William Gibbons Preston introduced in Monument Beach in Cape Cod, USA, in the year 1879.

See also: Home Tour: A black-and-white house in Singapore with colourful rooms

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Above A black-and-white house in Ridley Park

The British brought this characteristic style to their Southeast Asian colonies, including Singapore, but adapted it to suit the wet-weather conditions. They incorporated elements of Malay kampung-style homes, which were built on stilts to protect from flash floods as much as insect infestations. Their high roof and ceilings, latticework and overhanging rain eaves are some of the adaptations done to suit Singapore’s tropical climate. The lush and heavily wooded surrounding these homes are generally situated in sheltered from the heat as well. These Anglo-Indian and Anglo-Malay styles then merged to become the black-and-white bungalows that we know of today.

In his book, Black and White, the Singapore House 1898 - 1941, Julian Davision talks about the evolution and points towards the fusion of architectural styles. The Singapore-based British anthropologist, television presenter and historian describes the black-and-white iterations today as “mock Tudor in a tropical frock”. 

They are part of our architectural landscape

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Above A black-and-white house at Keppel Hill

These colonial-era bungalows, belonging to the 19th and early 20th centuries) were handed en-bloc to the Singapore government by the British administration upon their exit from the island-state. Many were demolished to make way for urban development, and the existing ones were placed under the management of the Singapore Land Authority (SLA) with the objective of heritage preservation.

Hard as it is to believe, 500 such buildings exist today in this veritable concrete jungle of high rises. These vestiges of Singapore’s past are scattered all around the island, including Goodwood Hill, Dempsey Hill, Rochester Park, Mount Pleasant, Sembawang Park, Mount Faber, Gillman Barracks and Changi Road.

You cannot buy a black-and-white house

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Above A black-and-white house at Hyderabad Road

Aside from their rich history and heritage housed in these homes, black-and-white houses are mansions of their own right and also sit on expansive land areas. With the expanses of some exceeding 5,000 sqft built-up area and sitting on expansive plot sizes of 31,000 sqft, these are more spacious than Good Class Bungalows (GCB), another coveted gem in the Singapore property landscape. One of the biggest differences between the two is that colonial bungalows are state-owned and only available for rent.

Read more: Will the ABSD affect the popularity of Good Class Bungalows in 2023?

The rental process varies from the norm

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Above These houses tend to feature spacious interiors rivalling even that of some Good Class Bungalows

The SLA employs a bidding system for the state-owned properties in its portfolio. You can browse through available properties on State Property Information Online (SPIO) website. Once you shortlist a property, contact the managing agent for a viewing, put a rental bid in—SPIO also posts past winning bid results for reference—and submit the application form with the required documents. It is prudent to ensure that your household income is at least three times more than the proposed rental price. Rental agreements are usually charted for two years and in some cases two plus one years under diplomatic clauses. 

See also: Ask the Experts: How to make a rental property feel like home

Upkeep can be high for these bungalows

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Above Metal lattice screens form a tactile part of this black-and-white house at King Albert Park

Wanting to be a part of the history of the former residences of wealthy plantation owners, high-ranking government officials or top judges of yore comes with a certain amount of responsibility. The SLA works on a mutually agreement with their tenants that they play a part in the preservation of this heritage.

Considering the age of some of the properties, there will be repairs involved, especially if it has been in unuse. Moreover, the design of these homes were adapted to facilitate maximum ventilation under humid tropical conditions when air conditioners were unheard of. The original layout also incorporated designated areas for househelp, from separate servant quarters to even kitchens which were detached from the main living areas. So unless one is taking the house over that has already been restored to suit modern requirements—including adding amenities such as a swimming pool—there is capital expenditure to take into consideration.

It is for this reason that SLA schedules a tender interview with prospective tenants (winning bidders) to evaluate their intentions, refurbishment plans and to ensure they have the financial means. Regardless, with their distinctive blend of historical charm and architectural beauty, black-and-white houses are a bridge to Singapore's colonial past.

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Singapore Land Authority Facebook page

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